Sep
21
Auto Repossessions and Bankruptcy
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What happens to an auto that is repossessed before, during or after a bankruptcy case? The answer will depend upon which type of bankruptcy or which chapter rather, that the debtor has filed. It also depends upon whether or not the debtor wants to recover the vehicle or simply let the vehicle go. The basic rule is as follows; the debtor remains the beneficial owner of the vehicle until such time that the vehicle is sold at auction. What this means is, the debtor has the ability to recover that vehicle and negotiate with the lender prior to the auto being sold at auction. This assumes of course that the debtor has filed a bankruptcy and that the automatic stay has gone into effect.
One typical case that I often see is a Chapter 13 bankruptcy filing where the vehicle is repossessed pre-filing. In that case, the auto finance company is often willing to negotiate for the return of the vehicle in exchange for certain documentation. That documentation usually includes proof of auto insurance and listing the finance company as the loss payee. In addition, the auto finance company will likely want to see a copy of the proposed chapter 13 plan indicating that the secured creditor is listed at the proper dollar amount at the proper interest rate. If all of those items could be shown, the auto lender is very likely to return the vehicle to the debtor without the debtor having to file an adversarial complaint in the bankruptcy court to recover the vehicle.
In a Chapter 7 case, whether not the debtor can recover the vehicle has to do with whether or not the debtor is current on the payments and/or can become current. If the debtor is behind on a vehicle in a Chapter 7 and the vehicle is repossessed pre-petition, the lender will simply bring a motion to modify the automatic stay, which will allow that lender to be able to keep the vehicle from the debtor. The debtor always has the ability to come up with the past due amount and become current to recover the vehicle, prior to the vehicle being sold at auction. The most important question that the Chapter 7 debtor needs to ask himself, is can I get current on that vehicle to the point where I can reaffirm the debt on that vehicle, continue to make monthly payments on time going forward, and maintain ownership of the vehicle. If the answer to any of those questions is, no, it really makes sense to surrender that vehicle back to the lender, because eventually the lender is going to move to modify the stay and repossess the vehicle down the road.
Additionally, if the debtor agrees to reaffirm the debt, and that it is subsequently repossessed post-petition, the debtor may in fact be on the hook for the rest of the balance or a deficiency on that vehicle unless the reaffirmation agreement can be rescinded in time.
Most people do not like to give up their autos. There is a pride factor, there is a love of the auto factor there is a transportation factor. The reality is this, if you cannot afford that vehicle, let it go. Do not reaffirm, do not stretch to fight to save the vehicle that you don’t have the ability to pay going forward. Maybe your economic circumstances have not changed since the bankruptcy filing. Maybe you really didn’t have the ability to afford that vehicle before the case was filed. These are all factors that a debtor must consider before agreeing to reaffirm a debt either under Chapter 7 or fighting to get the vehicle back and repaying it over time through a Chapter 13 bankruptcy case.
Written By: David Siegel
About the guy/gal that wrote this:
One typical case that I often see is a Chapter 13 bankruptcy filing where the vehicle is repossessed pre-filing. In that case, the auto finance company is often willing to negotiate for the return of the vehicle in exchange for certain documentation. That documentation usually includes proof of auto insurance and listing the finance company as the loss payee. In addition, the auto finance company will likely want to see a copy of the proposed chapter 13 plan indicating that the secured creditor is listed at the proper dollar amount at the proper interest rate. If all of those items could be shown, the auto lender is very likely to return the vehicle to the debtor without the debtor having to file an adversarial complaint in the bankruptcy court to recover the vehicle.
In a Chapter 7 case, whether not the debtor can recover the vehicle has to do with whether or not the debtor is current on the payments and/or can become current. If the debtor is behind on a vehicle in a Chapter 7 and the vehicle is repossessed pre-petition, the lender will simply bring a motion to modify the automatic stay, which will allow that lender to be able to keep the vehicle from the debtor. The debtor always has the ability to come up with the past due amount and become current to recover the vehicle, prior to the vehicle being sold at auction. The most important question that the Chapter 7 debtor needs to ask himself, is can I get current on that vehicle to the point where I can reaffirm the debt on that vehicle, continue to make monthly payments on time going forward, and maintain ownership of the vehicle. If the answer to any of those questions is, no, it really makes sense to surrender that vehicle back to the lender, because eventually the lender is going to move to modify the stay and repossess the vehicle down the road.
Additionally, if the debtor agrees to reaffirm the debt, and that it is subsequently repossessed post-petition, the debtor may in fact be on the hook for the rest of the balance or a deficiency on that vehicle unless the reaffirmation agreement can be rescinded in time.
Most people do not like to give up their autos. There is a pride factor, there is a love of the auto factor there is a transportation factor. The reality is this, if you cannot afford that vehicle, let it go. Do not reaffirm, do not stretch to fight to save the vehicle that you don’t have the ability to pay going forward. Maybe your economic circumstances have not changed since the bankruptcy filing. Maybe you really didn’t have the ability to afford that vehicle before the case was filed. These are all factors that a debtor must consider before agreeing to reaffirm a debt either under Chapter 7 or fighting to get the vehicle back and repaying it over time through a Chapter 13 bankruptcy case.
Written By: David Siegel
About the guy/gal that wrote this:
David M. Siegel is the author of Chapter 7 Success: The Complete Guide to Surviving Personal Bankruptcy. He is a member of the American Bankruptcy Institute and currently practices bankruptcy law in Chicago and its surrounding suburbs. Additional information is available at http://www.bankruptcy-lawyers-sanantonio.com .
Mar
31
Avoid Filing Bankruptcy - Know the Basics
Filed Under Law | Leave a Comment
Ian Koch inquired:
Filing bankruptcy is a nightmare for anyone. While it is not something you might like to even think about, there might come a time when you might have to comprehend the bankruptcy laws and file one yourself. But how can you know whether filing bankruptcy is the right thing for you? Or whether you can prevent it? What exactly is bankruptcy?
For starters, bankruptcy is a federal court process to help individuals and businesses repay their debts under the protection of the bankruptcy court (Chapter 13 Bankruptcy) or get rid of their debts completely (Chapter 7 Bankruptcy). If an individual or business files for bankruptcy, the court issues a stay that prohibits creditors from taking any action to recover the debts from you without court approval.
Bankruptcies fall under to broad categories - liquidation and reorganization. US bankruptcy laws cover liquidation under Chapter 7 Bankruptcy, which allows your assets to be sold off or liquidated to pay off your debts.
The other type of bankruptcy - reorganization is more commonly referred to as Chapter 13 Bankruptcy. Under reorganization bankruptcy, a repayment proposal is worked out with the court and accordingly some debts are repaid in full, others as a percentage of the original debt while some others are signed off without repayment. A reorganization bankruptcy would usually be spread over three to five years.
But after filing for reorganization bankruptcy, it is very important you stick to the repayment plan because it is only at the end that creditors might grant you new credit. While a liquidation bankruptcy stays on your credit history for 10 years and you are denied credit during this period, a reorganization bankruptcy can be cleared off your credit history after 6 years. And depending on your repayment record, you can reestablish your credit.
Bankruptcy filing has serious consequences and bankruptcy laws don’t look easily upon individuals or businesses filing for it. The decision to file bankruptcy should not be taken easily because having your debts erased does not miraculously solve your long term financial issues. This can only be a once in a lifetime resort to get out of crushing financial burden brought on your by job loss, medical bills, or other circumstances that are out of our control.
The best way to avoid bankruptcy is to be both “penny and pound wise,” meaning practicing good money management. This includes avoiding impulse spending, not using a credit card unless you have the cash to pay it off, tearing up any special credit card offers received, devising and following a realistic budget and covering yourself adequately by insurance (medical, homeowners, auto). At the same time, you need to make sure you don’t speculate too much or fall into company with people who have questionable financial habits.
Filing bankruptcy is a nightmare for anyone. While it is not something you might like to even think about, there might come a time when you might have to comprehend the bankruptcy laws and file one yourself. But how can you know whether filing bankruptcy is the right thing for you? Or whether you can prevent it? What exactly is bankruptcy?
For starters, bankruptcy is a federal court process to help individuals and businesses repay their debts under the protection of the bankruptcy court (Chapter 13 Bankruptcy) or get rid of their debts completely (Chapter 7 Bankruptcy). If an individual or business files for bankruptcy, the court issues a stay that prohibits creditors from taking any action to recover the debts from you without court approval.
Bankruptcies fall under to broad categories - liquidation and reorganization. US bankruptcy laws cover liquidation under Chapter 7 Bankruptcy, which allows your assets to be sold off or liquidated to pay off your debts.
The other type of bankruptcy - reorganization is more commonly referred to as Chapter 13 Bankruptcy. Under reorganization bankruptcy, a repayment proposal is worked out with the court and accordingly some debts are repaid in full, others as a percentage of the original debt while some others are signed off without repayment. A reorganization bankruptcy would usually be spread over three to five years.
But after filing for reorganization bankruptcy, it is very important you stick to the repayment plan because it is only at the end that creditors might grant you new credit. While a liquidation bankruptcy stays on your credit history for 10 years and you are denied credit during this period, a reorganization bankruptcy can be cleared off your credit history after 6 years. And depending on your repayment record, you can reestablish your credit.
Bankruptcy filing has serious consequences and bankruptcy laws don’t look easily upon individuals or businesses filing for it. The decision to file bankruptcy should not be taken easily because having your debts erased does not miraculously solve your long term financial issues. This can only be a once in a lifetime resort to get out of crushing financial burden brought on your by job loss, medical bills, or other circumstances that are out of our control.
The best way to avoid bankruptcy is to be both “penny and pound wise,” meaning practicing good money management. This includes avoiding impulse spending, not using a credit card unless you have the cash to pay it off, tearing up any special credit card offers received, devising and following a realistic budget and covering yourself adequately by insurance (medical, homeowners, auto). At the same time, you need to make sure you don’t speculate too much or fall into company with people who have questionable financial habits.